READER RESPONSE TO RACISM IN HARPER LEE’S NOVEL : TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD (1960)
RESEARCH PAPER Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English Department
By : Marselina Nugraheni Fitrisari (A320120156)
Department of English Education SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2016
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MARSELINA NUGRAHENI FITRISARI. A 320 120 156. Reader Response to Racism in Harper Lee’s Novel : To Kill A Mockingbird (1960). Research Paper. School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2016.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas tentang rasis di dalam novel To Kill A Mockingbird (1960) oleh Harper Lee yang mana dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Reader Response yang dikemukakan oleh Louise Rosenblatt. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respon pembaca tentang rasis yang terdapat di dalam website GoodReads. Penelitian ini dikategorikan ke dalam penelitian kualitatif. Data primer dari penelitian ini adalah website GoodReads. Data sekunder dari penelitian ini berupa referensi-referensi yang di ambil dari buku-buku teori, situs-situs web, dan sumber-sumber lain yang berkaitan dengan isu perbedaan suku. Ada empat kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik dari penelitian ini. Pertama, ada 18 isu yang terdapat pada respon pembaca di dalam GoodReads. Kedua, latar belakang pembaca terdiri dari negara, usia, agama, suku, dan jenis kelamin. Ketiga, alasan pembaca tidak setuju terhadap rasis, karena menurut pembaca ini dapat menyebabkan korban rasis kehilangan hak asasi manusia. Selain itu ini dapat membahayakan beberapa orang termasuk “kulit hitam” di setiap negara, terutama di Amerika. Keempat, respon pembaca mengatakan bahwa mereka tertarik pada isu rasis pada novel ini, karena novel ini sangat tampak isu rasis yang terjadi pada Tom Robinson yang dituduh selama di persidangan, memperkosa seorang wanita kulit putih yang mana dia tidak pernah lakukan. Kata kunci : Rasis, To Kill A Mockingbird, Reader Response.
ABSTRACT This study is about racism in To Kill A Mockingbird (1960) by Harper Lee. It is analysed by using Reader Response approach that is proposed by Louise Rosenblatt. The objectives of this study are to know readers responses to racism on the GoodReads website. This research seizes on qualitative research. The primary data of this study is GoodReads website. The secondary data of this study is taken from literary books, websites, and the other sources that related to the issue of racism. There are four conclusions which can be drawn from this study. First, there is 18 issues reader responses on GoodReads. Second, the background of the readers are consist of the country, age, religion, race, and gender. Third, the reason reader disagree on racism, because based on readers reviews it is would be cause racism victim lost in their human right. In the other side it is would be damage some people included “negro” in every countries especially in America. Fourth, readers said that they are interested in racism issue because the racism issue on this novel is very visible to Tom Robinson which as long as in the court he was accused rape white-man despite he never did. Key words : Racism, To Kill A Mockingbird, Reader Response.
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MOTTO
DO THE BEST, ALLAH ALWAYS WITH YOU.
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DEDICATION
The researcher paper is lovingly dedicated for : o Allah SWT for the great blessing and the great prophet Muhammad SAW, o My beloved family „I love you so much‟, o Dr. M. Thoyibi, M. S., the consultant who has supported and gave the researcher guidance patiently, o All my bestfriends, o All of my friends in English Department 2012.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu‟alaikum Wr. Wb Alhamdulillahhirabbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to His blessings given to the researcher, so she can complete her research paper entitled READER RESPONSE TO
RACISM HARPER LEE’S NOVEL : TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD (1960). Many people helped the researcher in doing this research. The researcher would like to give the deepest appreciation and gratitude to them in the following list: 1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., the Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., the Chief of Department of English Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M. S., the consultant who has supported and gave the researcher guidance patiently to do this research by giving the best advice and suggestions, so the researcher can enrich her knowledge about literature. 4. All lecturers of Department of English Education who have become such great educators and for giving precious knowledge to the researcher. 5. Her beloved parents, Mr. Soleh Riyadi and Mrs. Sarwendah Dewi Astuti, who supports and gave advices for the researcher as always. Without them, all is nothing. 6. Her beloved brother, Riski Anugrah Meiliondi, who always help, gave precious motivation, love, and support the researcher in difficult situation. 7. All of my big family who gives a lot of supporting contributions in my education. 8. All the close friends, Intan Permatasari, Panggah, Atik, Farah, Ajeng, Afrel, and the other friends, who have cheered up the researcher during her hard times in completing this research and always supports when the researcher needs them. 9. All of my beloved friends from another faculties, Niken, Delta, Hani, Leha, Cahyani, and Rieny who always gives a lots of love, support, motivation, and give many memorable jokes. 10. The Fossicker team, that has given the best performance of drama and the other precious moments during and after drama.
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TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE .................................................................................................................. i TESTIMONY ...................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ iii APPROVAL ........................................................................................................ iv ACCEPTANCE ................................................................................................... v MOTTO ............................................................................................................... vi DEDICATION .................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................. viii TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................................... ix CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 1 A. Background of the Study ....................................................... 1 B. Problem Statement ................................................................ 3 C. Limitation of the Study ......................................................... 4 D. Objectives of the Study ......................................................... 4 E. Benefit of the Study .............................................................. 4 F. Paper Organization ............................................................... 4 CHAPTER II : LITERATURE REVIEW .......................................................... 6 A. Underlying Theory ............................................................... 6 1. Notion of Reader Response ............................................ 6 2. Structure of Reader Response ........................................ 7 3. Notion of racism ............................................................. 8 4. Previous Study ................................................................ 9 CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD .......................................................... 11 A. Type of the Study ................................................................. 11 B. Object of the Study .............................................................. 12 C. Type of Data and Data Source ............................................. 12 D. Technique of the Data Collection ........................................ 13
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E. Technique of the Data Analysis ........................................... 13 CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION ........................................... 14 A. The Dominat issues .............................................................. 14 B. The relation between the issues and the background of the readers ........................................ 27 C. The reason readers disagree on racism ................................. 32 D. Discussion ............................................................................. 33 CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL, AND SUGGESTION ...... 37 A. Conclusion ............................................................................ 37 B. Suggestion ............................................................................. 38 C. Pedagogical Implication ........................................................ 39 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 40
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