MENGUKUR TINGKAT KESIAPAN KARYAWAN DALAM MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI SAP (Studi Kasus Direktorat Produksi PT Dirgantara Indonesia)
TUGAS AKHIR
Disusun sebagai salah satu syarat untuk kelulusan Program Strata 1, di Program Studi Teknik Informatika, Universitas Pasundan Bandung
Oleh : Ardhi Wijaya nrp. 08.304.0029
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS PASUNDAN BANDUNG JUNI 201
DAFTAR ISI
ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................................
i
ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR .............................................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................................................
iv
DAFTAR TABEL .....................................................................................................................
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................................................
viii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................
1-1
1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ..............................................................................................
1-1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ....................................................................................................
1-2
1.3 Tujuan Tugas Akhir ....................................................................................................
1-2
1.4 Lingkup Tugas Akhir ..................................................................................................
1-2
1.5 Metodologi Pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ..........................................................................
1-2
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan Tugas Akhir ............................................................................
1-3
BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI ....................................................................................................
2-1
2.1 Pengertian Pengukuran ..............................................................................................
2-1
2.2 Pengertian Kesiapan Menurut Model Technology Readinees Index (TRI) .................
2-1
2.3 Definisi System Application and Product in data processing (SAP) ..........................
2-1
2.3.1 SAP R/3 Aerospace and Defense .........................................................................
2-2
2.3.2 Area Fungsional SAP R/3 Aerospace and Defense .............................................
2-2
2.3.3 Lingkungan Sistem SAP (System Application and Product in data processing) .........................................
2-3
2.4 Technology Readiness Index (TRI) .............................................................................
2-4
2.4.1 Definis Technology Readiness Index ..................................................................
2-4
2.4.2 Komponen Pengukur Technology Readiness Index ............................................
2-4
2.5 Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) ......................................................................
2-5
2.6 Technology Readiness and Acceptance Model (TRAM) .............................................
2-6
2.7 Populasi dan Sampel ...................................................................................................
2-7
2.7.1 Populasi ...............................................................................................................
2-7
2.7.2 Sampel .................................................................................................................
2-7
2.7.3 Teknik Sampling .................................................................................................
2-7
2.8 Skala Pengukuran ........................................................................................................
2-8
2.8.1 Skala Likert .........................................................................................................
2-9
2.9 Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) .........................................................................
2-9
2.9.1 Definisi SEM ......................................................................................................
2-9
2.9.2 Variabel SEM .....................................................................................................
2-9
vi
2.9.3 Tahapan Menggunakan SEM ..............................................................................
2-9
2.9.3.1 Spesifikasi Model ......................................................................................
2-10
2.9.3.2 Identifikasi ................................................................................................
2-10
2.9.3.3 Estimasi ......................................................................................................
2-10
2.9.3.4 Uji Validitas ...............................................................................................
2-10
2.9.3.5 Uji Hipotesis ..............................................................................................
2-11
BAB 3 ANALISIS ....................................................................................................................
3-1
3.1 Kerangka Tugas Akhir ................................................................................................
3-1
3.2 Skema Analisis Tugas Akhir .......................................................................................
3-2
3.3 Tabel Skema Analisis ..................................................................................................
3-2
3.4 Analisis Organisasi .....................................................................................................
3-3
3.4.1 Sejarah PT Dirgantara Indonesia..........................................................................
3-3
3.4.2 Penerapan SAP di PT Dirgantara Indonesia ........................................................
3-3
3.4.2.1 Penerapan SAP R/3 Aerospace and Defense ..............................................
3-3
3.4.2.2 Unit Bisnis yang Menggunakan SAP .........................................................
3-4
3.4.2.3 Dampak Penerapan SAP di PT Dirgantara Indonesia ...............................
3-5
3.5 Tahap-Tahap Pengukuran Tingkat Kesiapan Karyawan Dalam Menggunakan SAP ...........................................................................................
3-5
3.6 Pengukuran Tingkat Kesiapan Dalam Menggunakan SAP .........................................
3-6
3.6.1 Model Pengukuran ..............................................................................................
3-6
3.6.2 Hipotesis ..............................................................................................................
3-6
3.6.3 Model Hubungan TRI dan TAM .........................................................................
3-7
3.6.4 Komponen Pengukuran Technology Readiness Index ........................................
3-7
3.7 Pengumpulan Data ......................................................................................................
3-8
3.7.1 Sumber Data .........................................................................................................
3-8
3.7.2 Objek Penelitian ..................................................................................................
3-8
3.7.3 Penetapan Populasi dan Sampel ...........................................................................
3-9
3.7.4 Skala Pengukuran ................................................................................................
3-10
BAB 4 PENGOLAHAN DATA ...............................................................................................
4-1
4.1 Skenario Pengolahan Data dan Hasil Analisis .............................................................
4-1
4.2 Statistik Deskriptif ......................................................................................................
4-1
4.3 Analisis Variabel Kesiapan Karyawan PT Dirgantara Indonesia Dalam Menggunakan Aplikasi SAP .............................................................................
4-2
4.3.1 Analisis Variabel Optimism Terhadap Tingkat Kesiapan Karyawan PT Dirgantara Indonesia Dalam Menggunakan Aplikasi SAP.............................
4-2
4.3.2 Analisis Variabel Innovativeness Terhadap Tingkat Kesiapan Karyawan PT Dirgantara Indonesia dalam Menggunakan Aplikasi SAP ............................. vii
4-3
4.3.3 Analisis Variabel Discomfort Terhadap Tingkat Kesiapan Karyawan PT Dirgantara Indonesia dalam Menggunakan Aplikasi SAP .............................
4-4
4.3.4 Analisis Variabel Insecurity Terhadap Tingkat Kesiapan Karyawan PT Dirgantara Indonesia Dalam Menggunakan Aplikasi SAP ...........................
4-5
4.4 Analisis Model Kesiapan Menggunakan Aplikasi SAP ...............................................
4-6
4.4.1 Uji Validitas ........................................................................................................
4-6
4.4.2 Output Persamaan Model Struktural ...................................................................
4-7
4.4.3 Output Gamma ....................................................................................................
4-7
4.4.4 Uji Reabilitas .......................................................................................................
4-8
4.4.5 Uji Hipotesis.........................................................................................................
4-8
BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .....................................................................................
5-1
5.1 Kesimpulan .................................................................................................................
5-1
5.2 Saran ...........................................................................................................................
5-1
DAFTAR PUSTAKA LAMPIRAN
vi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Technology Readiness Index (TRI) Items ...................................................................... 2-4 Tabel 2.2 Penentuan Jumlah Sampel dari Populasi dengan Taraf Kesalahan ............................... 2-8 Tabel 3.1 Tabel Skema Analisis ................................................................................................... 3-2 Tabel 3.2 Komponen pengukur model TRI .................................................................................. 3-8 Tabel 3.3 Jumlah Karyawan yang menggunakan SAP di Direktorat Produksi ............................. 3-9 Tabel 3.4 Divisi yang Menggunakan SAP di Direktorat Produksi ............................................... 3-10 Tabel 3.5 Nilai Skala Likert .......................................................................................................... 3-9 Tabel 4.1 Data Kuesioner Hasil Survei ......................................................................................... 4-1 Tabel 4.2 Komponen Optimism .................................................................................................... 4-2 Tabel 4.3 Komponen Innovativeness ............................................................................................ 4-3 Tabel 4.4 Komponen Discomfort .................................................................................................. 4-4 Tabel 4.5 Komponen Insecurity .................................................................................................... 4-5 Tabel 4.6 Hasil Uji Validitas ......................................................................................................... 4-6 Tabel 4.7 Output Persamaan Struktural Model ............................................................................. 4-7 Tabel 4.8 Output Gamma .............................................................................................................. 4-7 Tabel 4.8 Uji Reabilitas................................................................................................................. 4-8 Tabel 4.8 Hasil Uji Hipotesis ........................................................................................................ 4-8
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Metodologi Pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ........................................................................
1-3
Gambar 2.1 Theory of Reasoned Action.......................................................................................
2-5
Gambar 2.2 Technology Acceptance Model ..................................................................................
2-6
Gambar 2.3 Model Kolaborasi TRI – TAM (TRAM)...................................................................
2-6
Gambar 2.4 Macam-macam Teknik Sampling..............................................................................
2-7
Gambar 3.1 Kerangka Tugas Akhir ..............................................................................................
3-1
Gambar 3.2 Skema Analisis Tugas Akhir .....................................................................................
3-2
Gambar 3.3 Tahap-Tahap Pengukuran Tingkat Kesiapan ............................................................
3-5
Gambar 3.4 Model pengukuran tingkat kesiapan dalam menggunakan SAP ...............................
3-6
Gambar 3.5 Model Hubungan TRI dan TAM ...............................................................................
3-7
Gambar 4.1 Tingkat Optimism Karyawan PTDI dalam Menggunakan SAP ................................
4-2
Gambar 4.2 Tingkat Innovativeness Karyawan PTDI dalam Menggunakan SAP ........................
4-3
Gambar 4.3 Tingkat Discomfort Karyawan PTDI dalam Menggunakan SAP .............................
4-4
Gambar 4.4 Tingkat Insecurity Karyawan PTDI dalam Menggunakan SAP ...............................
4-5
vi
