BODY AS A MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION: TATTOO IN SEMARANG

BODY AS A MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION: TATTOO IN SEMARANG

A THESIS

by

Inka Kartini Student Number: 12.80.0034

FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMARANG 2016

BODY AS A MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION: TATTOO IN SEMARANG

A Thesis Presented as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement to Obtain the Sarjana Sastra Degree in the English Letters Study Programme

by

Inka Kartini Student Number: 12.80.0034

FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMARANG 2016

i

A THESIS ON

BODY AS A MEDIUM OF COMMUNICATION: TATTOO IN SEMARANG

by

Inka Kartini Student Number: 12.80.0034

Approved by,

B. Retang Wohangara, SS., M.Hum. Major Sponsor

March 15th, 2016

Angelika Riyandari, Ph.D. Co-Sponsor

March 15th, 2016

ii

A thesis defended in front of the Board of Examiners on March 15th, 2016 and declared acceptable

BOARD OF EXAMINERS

Chairperson

: B. Retang Wohangara, SS., M.Hum.

_____________

Secretary

: Angelika Riyandari, Ph.D.

_____________

Member

: Dr. Ekawati Marhaenny Dukut, M.Hum. _____________

Semarang, March, 15-2016 Faculty of Letters Soegijapranata Catholic University Dean,

Angelika Riyandari, Ph.D.

iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all, I want to express my gratefulness from the deepest heart for God of Universe that always gives me a lot of life experience in the process of finishing this thesis. He always teaches me how to be a better person through His plan in my life. I also want to say thanks to people that always inspire and motivate me to finish this thesis; 1.

My parents and my brothers who have encouraged me.

2.

My beloved boy friend Reymond Kirana who has supported me.

3.

B. Retang Wohangara, SS., M.Hum., as my major-sponsor, who has sincerely

guided me and given me support and advice in finishing my thesis. 4.

Angelika Riyandari, Ph.D. as my co-major sponsor and also as the dean of

faculty of Language and Arts Soegijapranata Catholic University, for encouraging me and giving me advice for my thesis. 5.

All the lecturers and staffs of Faculty of Language and Arts Soegijapranata

Catholic University, especially who has helped and supported my study in Faculty of Language and Arts 6.

All of the informants of my thesis who have given very big support

Last but not least, I would like to thank all people who might not be mentioned individually here. Thanks for the prayer, encouragement, and all supports during the study. This thesis is especially dedicated to all of the special persons above and the readers. God Bless You. iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE OF TITLE .................................................................................................................. i PAGE OF APPROVAL ........................................................................................................ ii BOARD OF EXAMINERS .................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................................... v ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... vii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................................ viii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of the study .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Field of the study ......................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Scope of the study ........................................................................................................................ 7 1.4 Problem formulation .................................................................................................................... 7 1.5 Objectives of the study................................................................................................................. 7 1.6 Significance of the study .............................................................................................................. 7 1.7 Definition of terms ....................................................................................................................... 8

CHAPTER 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ....................................................................... 10 2.1 Folklore ........................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2 Body as a Medium of Communication ........................................................................................ 11 2.2.1 Tattoo as a Freedom Expression ....................................................................................... 13

v

2.2.2 Gender Issue on Tattoo Wearer ......................................................................................... 14 2.3 Permanent Tattoo Vs Temporary Tattoo...................................................................................... 16

CHAPTER 3. RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................................. 18 3.1 Method of Data Collection........................................................................................................... 18 3.1.1 Instrument ......................................................................................................................... 18 3.1.2 Participants ........................................................................................................................ 19 3.1.3 Procedure........................................................................................................................... 19 3.2 Method of Data Analysis ............................................................................................................. 19

CHAPTER 4. DATA ANALYSIS .................................................................................................... 20 4.1 Body as a Medium of Communication ........................................................................................ 20 4.1.1 Tattoo as a Freedom Expression ....................................................................................... 34 4.1.2 Gender Issue on Tattoo Wearer ......................................................................................... 37

CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION .................................................................................................... 39 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................. 41

vi

ABSTRACT People have various ways to communicate. The most common ‘tool’ for this purpose is language. However, people can make use of art to communicate and express themselves. Art as a medium of communication can be found in the form of stone and canvas, or even human body. For the human body itself, it might cover gestures, dance and also tattoo. This thesis attempts to analyze how tattoo becomes a way of communication. For this purpose, the writer interviewed a group of informants (four males and one female) living in Semarang. Data presented in the analysis are from the informants and supported by existing relevant sources which are then presented and interpreted to answer the research questions. The writer found out that the informants make use of their body tattoos to communicate some values.

vii

ABSTRAK Manusia memakai banyak cara untuk berkomunikasi. Bahasa merupakan ‘alat’ yang paling

biasa

digunakan

untuk

berkomunikasi.

Namun,

orang-orang

bisa

menggunakan seni untuk berkomunikasi dan mengekspresikan diri mereka. Media yang digunakan oleh seni untuk berkomunikasi adalah batu, kanvas, dan tubuh. Tubuh dapat digunakan sebagai media komunikasi dalam bentuk gerak-isyarat, tarian, dan tato. Skripsi ini menganalisa tato sebagai salah satu cara berkomunikasi. Untuk mendapatkan data, penulis mewawancara sekelompok informan (empat laki-laki dan satu perempuan) yang tinggal di Semarang. Data yang ditampilkan dalam analisa adalah data yang didapatkan dari informan dan yang didukung oleh sumber-sumber lain yang telah ada, yang kemudian diinterpretasikan untuk menjawab tujuan penelitian. Penulis menemukan bahwa para informan menggunakan tato tubuh mereka untuk mengkomunikasikan nilai-nilai yang mereka yakini.

viii