ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT USING RECYCLE AGGREGATE COARSE AND SILICA FUME OF COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH ON CONCRETE*
Andika Sari Putri Binus University, Jl. KH. Syahdan No. 9 Kemanggisan Jakarta Barat, 5345830,
[email protected] Andika Sari Putri, Irpan Hidayat ABSTRACT The use of substitute materials as ingredients in the manufacture of concrete is growing. The material used is also more varied, depending on the expected results. This study aimed to compare the compressive strength of the concrete using recycled waste concrete samples with a percentage of 50%, 75%, and 100% as coarse aggregate replacement material and the addition of silica fume as an additive to the strength of the recycled concrete. The research method is to design a concrete mixture composition for each sample of concrete waste content and then produce a cylindrical concrete samples will then be tested and comparing the respective strengths of concrete compositions produced. Based on the test results obtained by the data of compressive strength of concrete cylinder that shows the quality of the entire sample of concrete in terms of the ability to withstand the compressive force, concluded that the use of substitutes waste concrete sample and the addition of silica fume at a certain percentage has not been able to increase the compressive strength of concrete well. Keywords: Substitute Materials, Waste Samples Concrete, Concrete Recycling, Strong Press.
PREFACE Concrete is a major component in a structure that serves as an advocate for the load, because there are still a lot of building infrastructure are still using concrete as the main structure for example roads, buildings, and bridges. Concrete can withstand high compressive force, but not good enough to withstand the force of attraction. Because the main function, then any planning in designing a structure need to know or define the quality of the concrete to be used. Concrete recycling (recycled concrete) is a mixture obtained from reprocessing of material previously. Some differences in quality, physical properties and chemical recycled aggregate, causing differences in the properties (properties) generated concrete material, such as decreasing compressive strength, tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity. When this has been much research done on the use of other materials, especially solid waste material that can be used as a substitute for concrete forming. One of them is the use of concrete waste as a substitute for natural aggregate from the rest of the demolition of the building, the rest of the building burned, the rest of the buildings affected by the earthquake and the rest of ready-mix concrete (readymix) called waste concrete samples. Waste concrete sample has a unique nature that required fairly extensive knowledge of the basic material properties, especially the basic material properties of waste concrete samples. Waste concrete sample has a different nature with natural aggregate so that these differences lead to differences in the nature of the resulting concrete. In this study, researchers tried to apply the normal concrete into recycled concrete aggregate substitute namely by providing samples of waste concrete and silica fume. Waste concrete is concrete samples that are not used anymore are solved with size adjusted so that the waste can replace the concrete sample coarse aggregate. Silica fume is an additive which can help the concrete strength is high and long-lasting. Thus the need for research on the effects of using waste as a substitute for coarse aggregate concrete and silica fume as additional additives.
RESEARCH METHOD Here is a chart of the flow of the research plan is divided into multiple resistant, can be seen in the following figure :
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
The research method is a sequence of steps that will be implemented in accordance with research on Analysis of Effect of Using Recycled Coarse Aggregates and Silica Fume Against Concrete Compressive Strength. In the first stage will be the study of literature in order to learn the basics of the theory relating to research to be carried out and considering the kind of research that has been done as a reference in conducting research. Furthermore, the determination of the method in designing the concrete mix adapted to the constraints that have been discussed in previous chapters. Next to the completion of this study, conducted experiments in the laboratory so that later obtained the data needed to be processed and analyzed. And at the final stage made the conclusion of the study presented in the final report.
Picture 1 Diagram Alir Penelitian
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Concrete Compressive Strength Testing Results • Analysis Value Compressive Strength Concrete with Waste Concrete In the last stage of research is testing the strength of concrete at the age of 7 and 28 days . Results of testing compressive strength of concrete in this study are as follows : Table 1 Results of Concrete Compressive Strength Testing Campuran Limbah
Umur
Berat Sampel
Berat Rata-rata
Kuat Tekan
Kuat Tekan
Kuat Tekan
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
Beton
(hari)
(kg) 12,12
0%
7
(kg)
16,985138
390
22,080679
440 560
24,911536 31,705591
690
39,065817
720 Kuat Tekan (KN)
40,764331
260
14,720453
280
15,852795
285 350
16,135881 19,815994
390
22,080679
11,60
300
16,985138
11,43
250
14,154282
210
11,889597
300 350
16,985138 19,815994
370
20,948337
11,60
300
16,985138
12,75
270
15,286624
190
10,757254
250 300
14,154282 16,985138
350
19,815994
260
14,720453
12,09
12,04 12,29
12,143
12,10 Campuran Limbah Beton
Umur
Berat Sampel
Berat
11,54 7
11,65
11,623
11,68
50%
11,60 28
7
11,60
11,70
11,600
11,590
11,64 75%
11,60 28
7
11,61
12,70
11,603
12,593
12,33
100%
12,70 28
(MPa)
300
12,137
12,20
28
(KN)
12,68
12,70 Cource : Results of Laboratory Tests
12,693
Kuat
Rata-rata (MPa) 21,326
37,179
Kuat Tekan
15,570
19,627
14,343
19,250
13,399
17,174
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
Figure 1 Graph Analysis of Concrete Compressive Strength Without Silica Fume ( Cylindrical Shaped Test Objects ) Based on Figure 1, it is known that normal concrete with a mixture of 0% waste concrete has a compressive strength higher at 37.179 MPa at 28 days compared with recycled concrete with a mixture of waste concrete 50% who have a compressive strength 19.627 MPa at 28 days. While on the other variations of the mixture of waste concrete is known that the mixing of waste concrete from the 50% it will reduce the ability of concrete to carry the compressive force. Based on research Wihardi Tjaronge, Abd. Madjid Akkas, and Andi Sri Ulvah in 2012, the waste mix concrete with a variation of 50% has a compressive strength of 17.74 MPa and with a variety of 100% has a compressive strength of 17.174 MPa. In this study, the compressive strength of the resulting value is greater than previous studies, because this study used agregar finer size than previous studies that use a more coarse aggregate, it will generate a different parameter values of each size. This can affect the compressive strength is generated. Analysis Value Compressive Strength Concrete with Waste Concrete 50% and Silica Fume In this study is testing the compressive strength of concrete with concrete waste 50% instead of coarse aggregate with the use of silica fume composition 6%, 9%, and 12% at the age of 7 and 28 days. Results of testing compressive strength of concrete in this study are as follows: Table 2 Value Compressive Strength Concrete (Waste 50% and Silica Fume) Berat Kuat Berat Kuat Campuran Campuran Umur Kuat Sampel Rata-rata Tekan Tekan Silica Limbah Tekan Rata-rata Fume Beton (KN) (hari) (kg) (kg) (MPa) (MPa) 12,60 11,323 200 •
7
12,587
300
16,985
280 320
15,852 18,117
385
21,797
12,50
340
19,249
11,31
320
18,117
280
15,852
300 320
16,985 18,117
370
20,948
11,00
385
21,797
11,90
300
16,985
270
15,286
11,65
320
18,117
12,00
310
17,551
300
16,985
300
16,985
12,56
6%
12,50 28
9%
12,60
7
12,50
11,50
12,500
11,453
11,55
50%
11,20 28
12%
7
28
11,25
11,50
11,70 11,75
11,150
11,683
11,817
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
14,720
19,722
16,985
20,288
16,796
17,174
Figure 2 Graph Compressive Strength Using Waste 50 % and Silica Fume ( Cylindrical Shaped Test Objects ) Based on Figure 2, it was concluded that the use of silica fume with a composition of 9 % can improve the compressive strength higher at 20.288 Mpa at 28 days compared to the use of silica fume with other compositions . Analysis Value Compressive Strength Concrete with Waste Concrete 75 % and Silica Fume In this study is testing the compressive strength of concrete with concrete waste 75 % instead of coarse aggregate with the use of silica fume composition 6 % , 9 % , and 12 % at the age of 7 and 28 days . Results of testing compressive strength of concrete in this study are as follows : Table 3 Value Compressive Strength Concrete ( Waste 75 % and Silica Fume ) •
Campuran Limbah Beton
Campuran Silica Fume
Umur
Berat Sampel
Berat
(hari)
(kg)
(kg)
Rata-rata
12,80 7
75%
7 9% 28
14,437
280 380
15,852
300
16,985
12,10
270
15,286
11,70
350
19,815
320
18,117
11,35
250
14,154
11,00
350
19,815
370
20,948
345
19,532
400
22,646
310
17,551
12,00
11,70
11,60
11,70 7
(MPa)
255
11,75
12,117
12,067
11,583
11,400
11,60 12%
Tekan
15,286
12,10 28
Kuat
270
11,80 6%
Kuat Tekan (KN)
11,70
11,700
Kuat Tekan Rata-rata (MPa) 15,192
21,514 17,929
17,363
20,099
17,174
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
11,70 28
200
11,323
350
19,815
11,60
330
18,683
11,60
350
19,815
11,50
11,567
19,439
Figure 3 Graph Compressive Strength Using Waste 75 % and Silica Fume ( Cylindrical Shaped Test Objects ) Based on Figure 3, it was concluded that the use of silica fume with a composition of 9 % can improve the compressive strength higher at 20.099 Mpa at 28 days compared to the use of silica fume with other compositions. Analysis Value Compressive Strength Concrete with Waste Concrete 100 % and Silica Fume In this study is testing the compressive strength of concrete with concrete waste 100 % instead of the coarse aggregate with the use of silica fume composition 6 % , 9 % , and 12 % at the age of 7 and 28 days . Results of testing compressive strength of concrete in this study are as follows : Table 4 Value Compressive Strength Concrete ( Waste 100 % and Silica Fume ) •
Campuran Limbah Beton
Campuran Silica Fume
Umur
Berat Sampel
Berat
(hari)
(kg)
(kg)
Tekan
350
19,816
300
16,9851
11,60
350
19,816
11,10
350
19,816
365
20,6653
11,30
320
18,1175
11,25
370
20,9483
345
19,5329
300 450
16,9851 25,4777
300
16,9851
Rata-rata
11,70 7 6% 28 100%
7
11,80
11,10
11,30
11,700
11,167
11,283
11,30
9%
11,40 28
Kuat Kuat Tekan (KN)
11,30
11,333
(MPa)
Kuat Tekan Rata-rata (MPa) 18,872
19,533
19,155
20,760
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
12%
7
28
11,30
350
19,816
12,90
350
19,816
310
17,5513
12,70
300
16,9851
12,70
300
16,9851
360
20,3822
400
22,6469
12,92
12,30 12,70
12,840
12,567
18,117
20,005
Figure 4 Graph Compressive Strength Using Waste 100 % and Silica Fume ( Cylindrical Shaped Test Objects ) Based on Figure 4, it was concluded that the use of silica fume with a composition of 9 % can improve the compressive strength higher at 20.760 Mpa at 28 days compared to the use of silica fume with other compositions.
Figure 5 Comparison Chart Compressive Strength In Concrete Normal, Recycle, Recycle + Silica Fume (Cylindrical Shaped Test Objects)
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
So the conclusion from the test results of compressive strength of all compositions is normal concrete has a compressive strength supreme with the compressive strength average of 37.179 MPa followed by the composition of the mixture of waste utilization 50% have a compressive strength average of 20.288 MPa, followed by the composition of the mixture of waste utilization 50% and silica fume 9% have a compressive strength average of 20.288 MPa, followed by the composition of the mixture of waste utilization of 70% and silica fume 9% have a compressive strength average of 20.099 MPa, followed by the composition of the mixture of waste utilization 100% and silica fume 9% have the average compressive strength of 20.760 MPa.
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the research that has been done, it could be concluded as follows: a. Concrete with recycled materials by 50%, 75%, and 100% indicates that the compressive strength is happening does not reach the compressive strength of 35 MPa plan. The resulting value on recycled concrete amounted to 19.627 MPa, 19,250 MPa, and 17.174 MPa at 28 days. This is because the concrete material that has a value of recycled sludge levels were quite high at 4.26%. Where figures for the maximum requirements in NFPA sludge concentration value is equal to 2%. Concrete using concrete waste materials in this study can not raise the compressive strength, it is because the content of aggregate characteristics do not meet the requirements. b. The results showed that the recycled concrete using concrete waste amounted to 100% of the weight of coarse aggregate and silica fume equal to 9% of the total cement weight will produce a value of 20.760 MPa compressive strength. This shows a decline of 40.68% of the compressive strength of 35 MPa plan. c. Of the conclusions of a and b above shows that the use of silica fume of 9% will slightly increase the compressive strength of the concrete. This is because the silica fume may reduce the permeability of concrete. Advice can be given for further research are: • Please note the use of recycled aggregate are better in terms of variety testing, because the content of the mud on the coarse aggregate is produced under ISO standards. This is probably because the concrete material recycling and treatment needs laundering more optimal. • Do further research on the variety and effect of silica fume on recycled concrete for the purposes of the banking parameters of the compressive strength of concrete is expected. • Do further research on the use of waste concrete samples of the recycled concrete, with more variety in order to be able to produce concrete material test parameter values in accordance with ISO standards
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*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
Taufik, Rahmat.Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Daur Ulang Beton Kedalam Campuran Beton K 175.Medan:Jurusan Teknik Sipil.2015. Tjaronge ,Wihardi. Akkas, Abd Madjid. Ulvah, Andi Sri.Kajian Eksperimental Kuat Tekan Beton Yang Menggunakan Limbah Pecah Beton Ringan Sebagai Pengganti Agregat Kasar.Makassar: Jurusan Sipil.2012.
BIOGRAPHY Andika Sari Putri born IN Jakarta on July 31, 1993. Author graduated in Bina Nusantara University in Civil Engineering Major in 2015.
*Analisa Pengaruh Penggunaan Agregat Kasar Daur Ulang Dan Silica Fume Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
