DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING .....................................................
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PENGUJI ...............................................................
ii
LEMBAR KEASLIAN ........................................................................................
iii
HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN ..........................................................................
iv
HALAMAN MOTTO .......................................................................................... vii KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... viii ABSTRAKSI .........................................................................................................
x
TAKARIR .............................................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... xii DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ xvi DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ xxi
I.
II.
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................
1
1.1
Latar Belakang .....................................................................................
1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................
3
1.3
Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................
3
1.4
Tujuan Tugas Akhir .............................................................................
5
1.5
Manfaat Tugas Akhir ...........................................................................
6
1.6
Metodologi Penelitian ..........................................................................
6
1.7
Sistematika Penelitian ..........................................................................
8
BAB II 2.1
LANDASAN TEORI ................................................................. 10
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan .............................................................. 10 2.1.1 Pengertian Dasar ......................................................................... 10 2.1.2 Fase Proses Pengambilan Keputusan .......................................... 13 2.1.3 Karakteristik dan Keterbatasan SPK ........................................... 14 2.1.4 Komponen-Komponen SPK ....................................................... 16 2.1.5 Hubungan SPK dengan Sistem Informasi Manajemen ............... 18
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2.2
Metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ........................................ 20 2.2.1 Prinsip Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ................................ 22 2.2.2 Konsep Dasar Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ..................... 25 2.2.3 Langkah-Langkah Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) .............. 26 2.2.4 Keuntungan Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ........................ 33
2.3
Metode Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) ............................................. 34 2.3.1 Dominasi Kriteria ........................................................................ 36 2.3.2 Rekomendasi Fungsi Preferensi untuk Keperluan Aplikasi ........ 37 2.3.3 Indeks Preferensi Multikriteria ................................................... 40 2.3.4 PROMETHEE Rangking ............................................................ 42
2.4 Perbedaan Metode AHP dan PROMETHEE ....................................... 44 2.5 Penggabungan Metode AHP dan PROMETHEE ................................ 45 2.6 PHP (Hypertext Preprocessor) ............................................................ 45 2.7 AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) ....................................... 46 2.8
Teori Kualitas Individu ........................................................................ 52
III. BAB III
METODOLOGI ....................................................................... 62
3.1
Metode Analisis ................................................................................... 62
3.2
Hasil Analisis ....................................................................................... 63 3.2.1 Analisis Kebutuhan Data Masukan dan Kebutuhan Proses ........ 63 3.2.2 Analisis Data Keluaran Sistem ................................................... 65 3.2.3 Kebutuhan Fungsi ....................................................................... 66 3.2.4 Kebutuhan Antarmuka ................................................................ 81 3.2.5 Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras ........................................................ 81 3.2.6 Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak ....................................................... 82
3.3
Perancangan Perangkat Lunak ............................................................. 82 3.3.1 Metode Perancangan Perangkat Lunak ....................................... 83 3.3.2 Hasil Perancangan Perangkat Lunak ........................................... 83 3.3.2.1
Data Flow Diagram (DFD) ......................................... 84
3.3.2.2
Perancangan Basis Data ............................................... 114
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IV. BAB IV 4.1
3.3.2.3
Bagan Alir .................................................................... 127
3.3.2.4
Perancangan Antarmuka .............................................. 136
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................ 162
Implementasi Perangkat Lunak ............................................................ 162 4.1.1 Batasan Implementasi ................................................................. 162 4.1.2 Implementasi Perangkat Lunak ................................................... 163
4.2
Pengujian dan Analisis ......................................................................... 199 4.2.1 Form Proses Halaman Responden .............................................. 200 4.2.2 Form Proses Halaman Administrator ......................................... 205 4.2.3 Pengolahan Data ......................................................................... 221
4.3
Hasil Uji Perangkat Lunak ................................................................... 226 4.3.1 Contoh Kasus (Permasalahan) .................................................... 227 4.3.2 Langkah-Langkah Penggunaan Aplikasi dalam Menyelesaikan Suatu Kasus ................................................................................. 227 4.3.3 Hasil Perhitungan Sistem ............................................................ 230 4.3.4 Hasil Perhitungan Manual ........................................................... 231 4.3.5 Kesimpulan Hasil Perhitungan .................................................... 231
V.
BAB V
SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................ 232
5.1
Simpulan .............................................................................................. 232
5.2
Saran ..................................................................................................... 233
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 234
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. 237 Lampiran 1.
Data Kriteria Penilaian .......................................................... 238
Lampiran 2.
Data Pertanyaan Responden (Kuisioner) tiap Kriteria Penilaian ................................................................................ 239
Lampiran 3.
Data Kandidat ........................................................................ 241
Lampiran 4.
Matriks Perbandingan Kriteria Penilaian .............................. 242
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Lampiran 5.
Matriks Perbandingan Kriteria Penilaian Ternormalisasi ..... 243
Lampiran 6.
Jumlah Baris Matriks Ternormalisasi dan Nilai Prioritas Kriteria Penilaian .................................................................. 244
Lampiran 7.
Matriks Bobot ....................................................................... 245
Lampiran 8.
Jumlah Baris Matriks Bobot dan Hasil Perhitungan Akhir Metode AHP ......................................................................... 246
Lampiran 9.
Data Jawaban Kuisioner ........................................................ 247
Lampiran 10. Nilai tiap Kandidat per Kriteria Penilaian ............................. 248 Lampiran 11. Preferensi Metode PROMETHEE ........................................ 249 Lampiran 12. Hasil Akhir Perhitungan Data (Rangking Kandidat) ............ 251
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1
Fase Proses Pengambilan Keputusan .......................................... 14
Gambar 2.2
Komponen Sistem Pendukung Keputusan .................................. 18
Gambar 2.3
Struktur Hirarki AHP .................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.4
Kriteria Biasa .............................................................................. 37
Gambar 2.5
Kriteria U .................................................................................... 38
Gambar 2.6
Kriteria V .................................................................................... 38
Gambar 2.7
Kriteria Level .............................................................................. 39
Gambar 2.8
Kriteria V dengan Preferensi Linier dan Area yang tidak Berbeda ....................................................................................... 39
Gambar 2.9
Kriteria Gaussian ......................................................................... 40
Gambar 2.10
Hubungan Antara Node .............................................................. 42
Gambar 2.11
Model Aplikasi Web .................................................................... 48
Gambar 2.12
Model Synchronous dan Asynchronous ...................................... 49
Gambar 3.1
Diagram Konteks SPK Pengukur Kualitas Individu ................... 84
Gambar 3.2
DFD Level 1 Pengukur Kualitas Individu .................................. 86
Gambar 3.3
DFD Level 2 Proses Login .......................................................... 90
Gambar 3.4
DFD Level 2 Proses Pengolahan Data ........................................ 93
Gambar 3.5
DFD Level 2 Proses Perhitungan Data ....................................... 103
Gambar 3.6
DFD Level 2 Proses Input Responden ........................................ 113
Gambar 3.7
Relasi Antar Tabel ....................................................................... 125
Gambar 3.8
Diagram Alir Program ................................................................. 127
Gambar 3.9
Diagram Alir Perhitungan Bobot dengan Metode AHP (1) ........ 128
Gambar 3.10
Diagram Alir Perhitungan Bobot dengan Metode AHP (2) ........ 129
Gambar 3.11
Diagram Alir Perhitungan Bobot dengan Metode AHP (3) ........ 130
Gambar 3.12
Diagram Alir Perhitungan Bobot dengan Metode AHP (4) ........ 131
Gambar 3.13
Diagram Alir Proses Perhitungan Nilai Tiap Kandidat Per Kriteria (1) ................................................................................... 132
Gambar 3.14
Diagram Alir Proses Perhitungan Nilai Tiap Kandidat Per
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Kriteria (2) ................................................................................... 133 Gambar 3.15
Diagram Alir Proses Perhitungan Metode PROMETHEE (1) .... 134
Gambar 3.16
Diagram Alir Proses Perhitungan Metode PROMETHEE (2) .... 135
Gambar 3.17
Rancangan Antarmuka Halaman Depan ..................................... 136
Gambar 3.18
Rancangan Antarmuka Kriteria Penilaian ................................... 137
Gambar 3.19
Rancangan Antarmuka Lihat Kandidat ....................................... 138
Gambar 3.20
Rancangan Antarmuka Hasil Perolehan ...................................... 139
Gambar 3.21
Rancangan Antarmuka Input Data Responden ........................... 140
Gambar 3.22
Rancangan Antarmuka Penilaian Kandidat ................................ 141
Gambar 3.23
Rancangan Antarmuka Tentang Aplikasi ................................... 142
Gambar 3.24
Rancangan Antarmuka Masuk Sistem ........................................ 143
Gambar 3.25
Rancangan Antarmuka Halaman Depan Administrator (Administrator) ............................................................................ 144
Gambar 3.26
Rancangan Antarmuka Pengukur (Administrator) ...................... 145
Gambar 3.27
Rancangan Antarmuka Hasil Sementara (Administrator) ........... 146
Gambar 3.28
Rancangan Antarmuka Perhitungan Detil (Administrator) ......... 147
Gambar 3.29
Rancangan Antarmuka Kriteria Penilaian (Administrator) ......... 148
Gambar 3.30
Rancangan Antarmuka Tambah – Ubah Kriteria (Administrator) ............................................................................ 148
Gambar 3.31
Rancangan Antarmuka Pertanyaan Responden (Administrator) 149
Gambar 3.32
Rancangan Antarmuka Tambah – Ubah Pertanyaan Responden (Administrator) ............................................................................ 150
Gambar 3.33
Rancangan Antarmuka Pertanyaan Pengukuran (Administrator) 151
Gambar 3.34
Rancangan Antarmuka Preferensi (Administrator) ..................... 152
Gambar 3.35
Rancangan Antarmuka Indeks Random (Administrator) ............ 153
Gambar 3.36
Rancangan Antarmuka Kandidat (Administrator) ...................... 154
Gambar 3.37
Rancangan Antarmuka Input – Ubah Kandidat (Administrator) . 154
Gambar 3.38
Rancangan Antarmuka Data Responden (Administrator) .......... 155
Gambar 3.39
Rancangan Antarmuka Cetak Hasil (Administrator) .................. 156
Gambar 3.40
Rancangan Antarmuka Proses Ulang (Administrator) ................ 157
Gambar 3.41
Rancangan Antarmuka Data Tersimpan (Administrator) ........... 158
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Gambar 3.42
Rancangan Antarmuka Lihat Data Tersimpan (Administrator) .. 158
Gambar 3.43
Rancangan Antarmuka Data Administrator (Administrator) ...... 159
Gambar 3.44
Rancangan Antarmuka Tambah – Ubah Data Administrator (Administrator) ............................................................................ 160
Gambar 3.45
Rancangan Antarmuka Bantuan (Administrator) ........................ 161
Gambar 4.1
Tampilan Halaman Depan .......................................................... 164
Gambar 4.2
Tampilan Halaman Kriteria Penilaian ......................................... 165
Gambar 4.3
Tampilan Halaman Lihat Kandidat ............................................. 166
Gambar 4.4
Tampilan Halaman Hasil Perolehan ............................................ 167
Gambar 4.5
Tampilan Halaman Input Data Responden ................................. 168
Gambar 4.6
Tampilan Halaman Berhasil Menyimpan Data Responden ........ 169
Gambar 4.7
Tampilan Halaman Input Penilaian Kandidat ............................. 170
Gambar 4.8
Tampilan Halaman Selesai Penginputan Penilaian Kandidat ..... 171
Gambar 4.9
Tampilan Halaman Tentang Aplikasi ......................................... 172
Gambar 4.10
Tampilan Halaman Link Masuk Sistem ...................................... 173
Gambar 4.11
Tampilan Halaman Masuk Sistem .............................................. 174
Gambar 4.12
Tampilan Halaman Depan Administrator (Administrator) ......... 175
Gambar 4.13
Tampilan Halaman Pengukur (Administrator) ............................ 176
Gambar 4.14
Tampilan Halaman Hasil Perolehan Sementara (Administrator) 177
Gambar 4.15
Tampilan Halaman Perhitungan Detil (Administrator) ............... 178
Gambar 4.16
Tampilan Halaman Kriteria Penilaian (Administrator) .............. 179
Gambar 4.17
Tampilan Halaman Tambah – Ubah Kriteria Penilaian (Administrator) ............................................................................ 180
Gambar 4.18
Tampilan Halaman Pertanyaan Responden – Kuisioner (Administrator) ............................................................................ 181
Gambar 4.19
Tampilan Halaman Tambah – Ubah Pertanyaan Responden – Kuisioner (Administrator) ........................................................ 182
Gambar 4.20
Tampilan Halaman Pertanyaan Pengukuran (Administrator) ..... 183
Gambar 4.21
Tampilan Halaman Preferensi Kriteria (Administrator) ............. 184
Gambar 4.22
Tampilan Halaman Input – Ubah Preferensi Kriteria (Administrator) ............................................................................ 185
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Gambar 4.23
Tampilan Halaman Indeks Random (Administrator) .................. 186
Gambar 4.24
Tampilan Halaman Kandidat (Administrator) ............................ 187
Gambar 4.25
Tampilan Halaman Input – Ubah Kandidat (Administrator) ...... 188
Gambar 4.26
Tampilan Halaman Data Responden (Administrator) ................. 189
Gambar 4.27
Tampilan Halaman Detil Data Responden (Administrator) ........ 190
Gambar 4.28
Tampilan Halaman Data Jawaban Responden (Administrator) .. 191
Gambar 4.29
Tampilan Halaman Cetak Hasil (Administrator) ........................ 192
Gambar 4.30
Tampilan Halaman Siap Cetak (Administrator) ......................... 193
Gambar 4.31
Tampilan Halaman Proses Ulang (Administrator) ...................... 194
Gambar 4.32
Tampilan Halaman Data Tersimpan (Administrator) ................. 195
Gambar 4.33
Tampilan Halaman Lihat Data Tersimpan (Administrator) ........ 196
Gambar 4.34
Tampilan Halaman Data Administrator (Administrator) ............ 197
Gambar 4.35
Tampilan Halaman Tambah – Ubah Data Administrator (Administrator) ............................................................................ 198
Gambar 4.36
Tampilan Halaman Bantuan (Administrator) .............................. 199
Gambar 4.37
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Input Data Responden .................... 201
Gambar 4.38
Tampilan Pesan Kesalahan Input Data Responden ..................... 202
Gambar 4.39
Tampilan Kesalahan Pengetikan Alamat Email .......................... 203
Gambar 4.40
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Input Penilaian Kandidat ................ 204
Gambar 4.41
Tampilan Pesan Kesalahan Input Penilaian Kandidat ................ 205
Gambar 4.42
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Masuk Sistem ................................. 206
Gambar 4.43
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Masuk Sistem ....................... 207
Gambar 4.44
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Tambah – Ubah Krieria Penilaian .. 208
Gambar 4.45
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Tambah – Ubah Kriteria Penilaian (Duplikat Data) ............................................................ 209
Gambar 4.46
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Tambah – Ubah Kriteria Penilaian (Data tidak Lengkap) ................................................... 210
Gambar 4.47
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Tambah – Ubah Pertanyaan Responden (Kuisioner) ................................................................ 211
Gambar 4.48
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Tambah – Ubah Pertanyaan Responden (Kuisioner) ................................................................ 212
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Gambar 4.49
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Pengaturan Pertanyaan Penilaian ... 213
Gambar 4.50
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Pengaturan Pertanyaan Penilaian (Status Salah) .............................................................. 214
Gambar 4.51
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Pengaturan Pertanyaan Penilaian (Pertanyaan Penilaian Kosong) ................................... 215
Gambar 4.52
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Ubah Indeks Random ..................... 216
Gambar 4.53
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Ubah Indeks Random (Format Salah) ............................................................................. 217
Gambar 4.54
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Ubah Indeks Random (Form Input Kosong) .................................................................. 218
Gambar 4.55
Tampilan Prosedur Normal Tambah – Ubah Kandidat ............... 219
Gambar 4.56
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Tambah – Ubah Kandidat (Form Input Kosong) .................................................................. 220
Gambar 4.57
Tampilan Prosedur Tidak Normal Tambah – Ubah Kandidat (Foto Belum Diganti) .................................................................. 221
Gambar 4.58
Tampilan Data Berhasil Disimpan .............................................. 222
Gambar 4.59
Tampilan Data Berhasil Diubah .................................................. 223
Gambar 4.60
Tampilan Data Berhasil Dihapus ................................................ 224
Gambar 4.61
Tampilan Halaman Nilai Konsistensi Rasio ............................... 225
Gambar 4.62
Tampilan Konfirmasi Keluar Sistem .......................................... 226
Gambar 4.63
Tampilan Hasil Perhitungan Sistem ............................................ 230
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Perbedaan DSS dan SIM ................................................................... 19
Tabel 2.2
Tabel Preference Standar AHP ......................................................... 23
Tabel 2.3
Bentuk Tabel Matriks untuk Perbandingan Berpasangan ................. 26
Tabel 2.4
Tabel Data RI (Random Index) Menurut Beberapa Pakar Penelitian ........................................................................................... 29
Tabel 2.5
Data Dasar Analisis PROMETHEE .................................................. 35
Tabel 2.6
Perbedaan AHP dan PROMETHEE ................................................. 44
Tabel 3.1
Contoh Perbandingan Kriteria .......................................................... 68
Tabel 3.2
Mensintesis Perbandingan Kriteria ................................................... 69
Tabel 3.3
Matriks yang Dinormalisasi, Jumlah Baris, dan Prioritas Menyeluruh ....................................................................................... 69
Tabel 3.4
Mengalikan Elemen Matriks dengan Prioritas Bersesuaian .............. 70
Tabel 3.5
Menjumlahkan Nilai dari Tiap Baris ................................................ 70
Tabel 3.6
Contoh Nilai yang Diperoleh Tiap Kandidat per Kriteria ................. 72
Tabel 3.7
Penguatan Nilai Preferensi PROMETHEE untuk Kriteria Visi ........ 78
Tabel 3.8
Penguatan Nilai Preferensi PROMETHEE untuk Kriteria Karisma ............................................................................................. 78
Tabel 3.9
Penguatan Nilai Preferensi PROMETHEE untuk Kriteria Karakter ............................................................................................. 78
Tabel 3.10 Mencari Leaving Flow ...................................................................... 80 Tabel 3.11 Mencari Entering Flow ..................................................................... 80 Tabel 3.12 Tabel “login” ..................................................................................... 115 Tabel 3.13 Tabel “kriteria” ................................................................................. 115 Tabel 3.14 Tabel “kandidat” ............................................................................... 116 Tabel 3.15 Tabel “config” ................................................................................... 116 Tabel 3.16 Tabel “datatersimpan” ....................................................................... 117 Tabel 3.17 Tabel “matrikkriteria” ....................................................................... 117 Tabel 3.18 Tabel “nilaiinputresponden” ............................................................. 118
xxi
Tabel 3.19 Tabel “nilaikandidat” ........................................................................ 118 Tabel 3.20 Tabel “pertanyaan” ............................................................................ 119 Tabel 3.21 Tabel “responden” ............................................................................. 119 Tabel 3.22 Tabel “ri_alonso_lamata” ................................................................. 120 Tabel 3.23 Tabel “ahp_prioritas” ........................................................................ 120 Tabel 3.24 Tabel “ahp_normalizedmatrix” ......................................................... 121 Tabel 3.25 Tabel “ahp_jumlahkolom” ................................................................ 121 Tabel 3.26 Tabel “ahp_jumlahbarisnormalized” ................................................ 121 Tabel 3.27 Tabel “ahp_jumlahbarishasilkali” ..................................................... 122 Tabel 3.28 Tabel “ahp_hasilkalielemenmatrixdgnprioritas” .............................. 122 Tabel 3.29 Tabel “ahp_hasilbagi” ....................................................................... 123 Tabel 3.30 Tabel “promethee_preferensi” .......................................................... 123 Tabel 3.31 Tabel “promethee_hasilakhir” .......................................................... 124
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