2006

UNIVERSITAS BINA NUSANTARA

Jurusan Teknik Informatika Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Skripsi Sarjana Komputer Semester Ganjil Tahun 2005/2006 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA PEMBELIAN BAHAN BAKU DAN PENGELOLAAN JASA REPARASI MOBIL DI PT. ADI KARYA KENTJANA

Fransiska Natalia 0600614220 Veonita Kuncoro 0600615955 Eliezer Yulianto 0600670575 Kelas/Kelompok : 07PJT/09

ABSTRAK TUJUAN PENELITIAN ialah merancang sistem basis data pembelian bahan baku dan pengelolaan jasa reparasi untuk mengatasi masalah yang terjadi akibat sistem berjalan manual, serta membuat program aplikasi berdasarkan rancangan basis data yang telah dibuat. METODE PENELITIAN yang dilakukan adalah dengan melakukan analisis terhadap informasi dari sistem yang sedang berjalan dan menggunakan metode tahap perancangan basis data yaitu perancangan konseptual, logikal dan fisikal serta merancang tampilan untuk membuat program aplikasi. HASIL YANG DICAPAI adalah perusahaan dapat memberikan pelayanan yang lebih baik kepada pelanggannya, perusahaan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kerja karena data tersimpan dengan teratur sehingga bisa dengan mudah didapatkan ketika dibutuhkan dan transaksi pembelian serta reparasi dapat ditangani dengan cepat, mempermudah pembuatan laporan keuangan, serta mempercepat perolehan informasi secara cepat dan akurat. SIMPULAN dari penelitian ini adalah perancangan basis data dan pembuatan sistem dengan komputerisasi memberikan kecepatan akses informasi data yang diperlukan oleh suatu perusahaan, mempermudah perusahaan dalam mengatur data sehingga mempermudah perhitungan transaksi serta dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kerja para karyawan di PT. Adi Karya Kentjana. Kata Kunci : analisis, perancangan, sistem, basis data, sistem basis data, pembelian, pengelolaan jasa reparasi

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KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas segala berkat dan rahmat yang telah diberikan kepada penulis sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul “Analisis dan Perancangan Sistem Basis Data Pembelian Bahan Baku dan Pengelolaan Jasa Reparasi Mobil di PT. Adi Karya Kentjana”. Skripsi ini ditulis sebagai salah satu syarat dalam menyelesaikan jenjang studi Strata-1 (S1) Jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara. Pada kesempatan ini, penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada pihak yang telah memberikan dukungan, bantuan, nasehat, dan bimbingan dalam penyusunan skripsi ini, yaitu: 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Gerardus Polla, M.App.Sc selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara. 2. Bapak H. Mohammad Subekti, BE. M.Sc selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara. 3. Bapak Fredy Purnomo, S.Kom., M.Kom selaku Sekretaris Jurusan Teknik Informatika Universitas Bina Nusantara. 4. Bapak Ir. Muhammad Tassim Billah, M.Sc selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi yang telah banyak membantu dan memberikan pengarahan, saran, solusi, dan dukungan moral dalam penyusunan skripsi ini. 5. Bapak Arif Budianto Sugita, selaku Direktur PT. Adi Karya Kentjana. 6. Ibu Lusi dan Bapak Syahdan, selaku staff dari PT. Adi Karya Kentjana yang telah banyak membantu dalam memberikan informasi yang diperlukan penulis.

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7. Seluruh Dosen Universitas Bina Nusantara yang telah memberikan bekal pengetahuan kepada penulis. 8. Orang tua dan segenap keluarga yang senantiasa memberikan semangat, dukungan dan doa demi keberhasilan penulis. 9. Rekan-rekan penulis dan pihak lainnya yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu yang telah memberikan dukungan, bantuan serta sumbangan saran dan ide kepada penulis selama penyusunan skrpsi ini. Penulis telah berupaya untuk melakukan yang terbaik dalam penyusunan skripsi ini, tetapi disadari pula bahwa masih terdapat banyak kekurangan dan keterbatasan. Oleh karena itu, penulis berharap agar rekan-rekan dapat menyempurnakan dan mengembangkan agar menjadi skripsi yang lebih baik lagi pada masa berikutnya. Akhir kata penulis berharap agar skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembaca di masa depan. Jakarta, 21 Januari 2006

Penulis

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DAFTAR ISI Halaman Judul Luar ............................................................................................................. i Halaman Judul Dalam ......................................................................................................... ii Halaman Persetujuan HardCover....................................................................................... iii Abstrak ............................................................................................................................... iv Kata Pengantar .................................................................................................................... v Daftar Isi ........................................................................................................................... vii Daftar Tabel ...................................................................................................................... xii Daftar Gambar.................................................................................................................. xiii BAB 1 Pendahuluan........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Ruang Lingkup ............................................................................................... 2 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat ........................................................................................ 3 1.4 Metodologi...................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................................... 4 BAB 2 Landasan Teori....................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Teori-teori Basis Data ..................................................................................... 6 2.1.1 Sistem Basis Data ................................................................................ 6 2.1.1.1 Pengertian Sistem...................................................................... 6 2.1.1.2 Pengertian Basis Data ............................................................... 7 2.1.1.3 Pengertian Sistem Basis Data ................................................... 7 2.1.2 Siklus Hidup Aplikasi Basis Data........................................................ 8 2.1.2.1 Perencanaan Basis Data ............................................................ 9

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2.1.2.2 Definsi Sistem ......................................................................... 10 2.1.2.3 Pengumpulan Kebutuhan dan Analisis ................................... 10 2.1.2.4 Perancangan Basis Data .......................................................... 11 2.1.2.5 Memilih DBMS....................................................................... 12 2.1.2.6 Rancangan Aplikasi ................................................................ 14 2.1.2.7 Prototyping.............................................................................. 14 2.1.2.8 Implementasi ........................................................................... 15 2.1.2.9 Konversi Data dan Loading .................................................... 16 2.1.2.10 Testing................................................................................... 16 2.1.2.11 Pemeliharaan Operasional..................................................... 17 2.1.3 Tahapan dalam Rancangan Basis Data.............................................. 17 2.1.3.1 Rancangan Basis Data Konseptual ......................................... 17 2.1.3.2 Rancangan Basis Data Logikal ............................................... 18 2.1.3.2.1 Normalisasi................................................................... 20 2.1.3.3 Rancangan Basis Data Fisikal................................................. 22 2.1.4 Entity Relationship Modelling ........................................................... 23 2.1.4.1 Entity ....................................................................................... 23 2.1.4.2 Relationship ............................................................................ 23 2.1.4.3 Atribut ..................................................................................... 24 2.1.5 DBMS ................................................................................................ 25 2.1.5.1 Pengertian DBMS ................................................................... 25 2.1.5.2 Komponen DBMS................................................................... 27 2.1.5.3 SQL ......................................................................................... 28 2.2 Teori-teori Khusus ......................................................................................... 31 viii

2.2.1 Pembelian............................................................................................ 31 2.2.1.1 Pengertian Pembelian.............................................................. 31 2.2.1.2 Akutansi Pembelian ................................................................ 34 2.2.1.3 Retur Pembelian ...................................................................... 35 2.2.2 Pengertian Reparasi ............................................................................ 36 BAB 3 Analisis Sistem yang Berjalan ............................................................................. 37 3.1 Riwayat Perusahaan ...................................................................................... 37 3.1.1 Data Perusahaan................................................................................. 39 3.1.2 Visi dan Misi Perusahaan ................................................................... 40 3.2 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan ..................................................................... 40 3.3 Sistem yang Sedang Berjalan ........................................................................ 44 3.3.1 Diagram Context................................................................................. 44 3.3.2 Diagram Nol ....................................................................................... 45 3.3.3 Prosedur Reparasi Mobil .................................................................... 46 3.3.4 Prosedur Pembelian Bahan Baku........................................................ 49 3.4 Diagram Alir Dokumen Sistem yang Berjalan .............................................. 51 3.5 Masalah yang Dihadapi ................................................................................. 54 3.6 Analisis Kebutuhan Informasi ....................................................................... 54 3.7 Usulan Pemecahan Masalah .......................................................................... 55 BAB 4 Perancangan dan Implementasi............................................................................ 56 4.1 Perancangan Basis Data ................................................................................ 56 4.1.1 Perancangan Basis Data Konseptual.................................................. 56 4.1.1.1 Identifikasi Tipe Entitas .......................................................... 56 4.1.1.2 Identifikasi Tipe Relasional .................................................... 58 ix

4.1.1.3 Identifikasi dan Asosiasi Atribut............................................. 60 4.1.1.4 Identifikasi Kandidat dan Primary Key................................... 69 4.1.1.5 Validasi Model terhadap Transkasi Pemakai.......................... 71 4.1.2 Perancangan Basis Data Logikal ....................................................... 73 4.1.2.1 Membangun Data Model Logikal Lokal................................. 74 4.1.2.1.1 Menghilangkan Fitur yang tidak Sesuai....................... 74 4.1.2.1.2 Menurunkan Relasi ...................................................... 78 4.1.2.1.3 Normalisai .................................................................... 96 4.1.2.2 Membangun dan Validasi Model Logikal Global................. 102 4.1.3 Perancangan Basis Data Fisikal....................................................... 107 4.1.3.1 Perancangan Relasi Dasar ..................................................... 108 4.1.3.2 Analisis Transaksi ................................................................. 119 4.1.3.3 Pembuatan Index Setiap Entitas............................................ 123 4.1.3.4 Mengestimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan ................................. 127 4.1.3.5 Merancang Mekanisme Keamanan ....................................... 138 4.2 Perancangan Aplikasi .................................................................................. 141 4.2.1 Struktur Menu ................................................................................... 141 4.2.2 State Transition Diagram .................................................................. 142 4.2.3 Spesifikasi Proses ............................................................................. 160 4.3 Perancangan Input dan Output..................................................................... 198 4.3.1 Rancangan Input ............................................................................... 198 4.3.2 Rancangan Output............................................................................. 203 4.4 Rencana Implementasi................................................................................. 210 4.4.1 Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras.............................................................. 210 x

4.4.2 Spesifikasi Perangkat Lunak............................................................. 210 4.4.3 Jadwal Implementasi Sistem............................................................. 211 4.4.4 Cara Pengoperasian Aplikasi ............................................................ 212 4.5 Evaluasi Sistem............................................................................................ 226 BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN................................................................................ 229 5.1 Simpulan ...................................................................................................... 229 5.2 Saran ............................................................................................................ 230 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..................................................................................................... 231 RIWAYAT HIDUP......................................................................................................... 233 LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................................... L1-L7 FOTOCOPY SURAT SURVEY FOTOCOPY ABSENSI SURVEY

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DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 3.1 Lamanya Pekerjaan ........................................................................................... 38 Tabel 4.1 Identifikasi Tipe Entitas .................................................................................... 58 Tabel 4.2 Multiplicity Tipe Relasional ............................................................................. 60 Tabel 4.3 Entitas Pelanggan.............................................................................................. 61 Tabel 4.4 Entitas Bahan Baku........................................................................................... 61 Tabel 4.5 Entitas Karyawan .............................................................................................. 61 Tabel 4.6 Entitas Supplier ................................................................................................. 62 Tabel 4.7 Entitas Perintah Kerja ....................................................................................... 63 Tabel 4.8 Entitas Tanda Terima ........................................................................................ 64 Tabel 4.9 Entitas Perkiraan Biaya..................................................................................... 65 Tabel 4.10 Entitas Pembelian............................................................................................ 66 Tabel 4.11 Entitas Retur Beli ............................................................................................ 66 Tabel 4.12 Entitas Pembayaran Pembelian....................................................................... 67 Tabel 4.13 Entitas Reparasi............................................................................................... 68 Tabel 4.14 Entitas Pembayaran Reparasi.......................................................................... 69 Tabel 4.15 Identifikasi Kandidat dan Primary Key .......................................................... 70 Tabel 4.16 Relasi Untuk Data Model Logikal Lokal........................................................ 96 Tabel 4.17 Model Data Logikal Global .......................................................................... 106 Tabel 4.18 Analisis Transaksi ......................................................................................... 123 Tabel 4.19 Tabel Pelanggan............................................................................................ 128 Tabel 4.20 Tabel Mobil... ............................................................................................... 128 Tabel 4.21 Tabel Supplier ............................................................................................... 128 Tabel 4.22 Tabel Telp Supplier....................................................................................... 129 xii

Tabel 4.23 Tabel Karyawan ............................................................................................ 129 Tabel 4.24 Tabel Telp Karyawan.................................................................................... 129 Tabel 4.25 Tabel Perkiraan Biaya Header ...................................................................... 130 Tabel 4.26 Tabel Perkiraan Biaya Detail ........................................................................ 130 Tabel 4.27 Tabel Tanda Terima ...................................................................................... 131 Tabel 4.28 Tabel Perlengkapan....................................................................................... 131 Tabel 4.29 Tabel Listrik.. ............................................................................................... 131 Tabel 4.30 Tabel Perintah Kerja Header......................................................................... 132 Tabel 4.31 Tabel Perintah Kerja Detail........................................................................... 132 Tabel 4.32 Tabel Jasa...... ............................................................................................... 133 Tabel 4.33 Tabel Telp Pelanggan.................................................................................... 133 Tabel 4.34 Tabel Pembelian Header ............................................................................... 133 Tabel 4.35 Tabel Pembelian Detail ................................................................................ 134 Tabel 4.36 Tabel Bahan Baku......................................................................................... 134 Tabel 4.37 Tabel Pembayaran Pembelian....................................................................... 134 Tabel 4.38 Tabel Retur Beli Header ............................................................................... 135 Tabel 4.39 Tabel Retur Beli Detail ................................................................................. 135 Tabel 4.40 Tabel Reparasi Header .................................................................................. 136 Tabel 4.41 Tabel Reparasi Detail.................................................................................... 136 Tabel 4.42 Tabel Pekerjaan............................................................................................. 136 Tabel 4.43 Tabel Pembayaran Reparasi Header ............................................................. 137 Tabel 4.44 Tabel Pembayaran Reparasi Detail ............................................................... 137 Tabel 4.45 Estimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan.................................................................. 138 Tabel 4.46 Tabel Akses VS User .................................................................................... 140 xiii

Tabel 4.47 Jadwal Implementasi Sistem Basis Data....................................................... 208 Tabel 4.48 List Jabatan ... ............................................................................................... 212

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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 2.1 Siklus Hidup Aplikasi Basis Data ................................................................... 9 Gambar 2.2 Relationship derajat dua ................................................................................ 23 Gambar 2.3 Relationship derajat tiga................................................................................ 24 Gambar 2.4 Relationship derajat empat ............................................................................ 24 Gambar 2.5 Komponen DBMS......................................................................................... 28 Gambar 2.6 Sistem Pembelian .......................................................................................... 33 Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi........................................................................................ 40 Gambar 3.2 Diagram Context Sistem yang Berjalan ........................................................ 45 Gambar 3.3 Diagram Nol Sistem yang Berjalan............................................................... 45 Gambar 3.4 Diagram Alir Dokumen Sistem yang Berjalan ............................................. 53 Gambar 4.1 ERD Konseptual............................................................................................ 59 Gambar 4.2 ERD dengan Primary Key............................................................................. 71 Gambar 4.3 Transaksi Pemakai Menggunakan Pathways ................................................ 72 Gambar 4.4 Menghilangkan Hubungan banyak ke banyak .............................................. 75 Gambar 4.5 Menghilangkan Atribut Multivalue............................................................... 77 Gambar 4.6 Model Diagram Relasional Global.............................................................. 107 Gambar 4.7 Struktur Menu ............................................................................................. 141 Gambar 4.8 STD Halaman Login ................................................................................... 142 Gambar 4.9 STD Splash.................................................................................................. 143 Gambar 4.10 STD Halaman Utama ................................................................................ 143 Gambar 4.11 STD Set Login........................................................................................... 144 Gambar 4.12 STD Ganti Password ................................................................................. 144 Gambar 4.13 STD Atur Login ........................................................................................ 145 xv

Gambar 4.14 STD Master ............................................................................................... 145 Gambar 4.15 STD Master Pelanggan.............................................................................. 146 Gambar 4.16 STD Telpon Pelanggan ............................................................................. 146 Gambar 4.17 STD Master Mobil .................................................................................... 147 Gambar 4.18 STD Master Karyawan.............................................................................. 147 Gambar 4.19 STD Telpon Karyawan.............................................................................. 148 Gambar 4.20 STD Master Supplier................................................................................. 148 Gambar 4.21 STD Telpon Supplier ................................................................................ 149 Gambar 4.22 STD Master Jasa ....................................................................................... 149 Gambar 4.23 STD Master Bahan Baku........................................................................... 150 Gambar 4.24 STD Listrik................................................................................................ 150 Gambar 4.25 STD Perlengkapan .................................................................................... 151 Gambar 4.26 STD Transaksi........................................................................................... 152 Gambar 4.27 STD Transaksi Perkiraan Biaya ................................................................ 153 Gambar 4.28 STD Transaksi Tanda Terima ................................................................... 153 Gambar 4.29 STD Perintah Kerja ................................................................................... 154 Gambar 4.30 STD Pembelian ......................................................................................... 154 Gambar 4.31 STD Pembelian Detail............................................................................... 155 Gambar 4.32 STD Pembayaran Pembelian..................................................................... 155 Gambar 4.33 STD Retur Pembelian................................................................................ 156 Gambar 4.34 STD Retur Beli Detail ............................................................................... 156 Gambar 4.35 STD Reparasi ............................................................................................ 157 Gambar 4.36 STD Reparasi Detail.................................................................................. 157 Gambar 4.37 STD Pembayaran Reparasi........................................................................ 158 xvi

Gambar 4.38 STD Pekerjaan .......................................................................................... 158 Gambar 4.39 STD Laporan ............................................................................................. 159 Gambar 4.40 STD Window............................................................................................. 159 Gambar 4.41 Rancangan Input Atur Login..................................................................... 198 Gambar 4.42 Rancangan Input Master Pelanggan.......................................................... 198 Gambar 4.43 Rancangan Input Master Mobil................................................................. 199 Gambar 4.44 Rancangan Input Master Karyawan .......................................................... 199 Gambar 4.45 Rancangan Input Master Supplier ............................................................. 199 Gambar 4.46 Rancangan Input Master Jasa.................................................................... 200 Gambar 4.47 Rancangan Input Master Bahan Baku....................................................... 200 Gambar 4.48 Rancangan Input Perkiraan Biaya ............................................................. 200 Gambar 4.49 Rancangan Input Pembelian...................................................................... 201 Gambar 4.50 Rancangan Input Pembelian Detail ........................................................... 201 Gambar 4.51 Rancangan Input Pembayaran Pembelian ................................................. 201 Gambar 4.52 Rancangan Input Retur Pembelian............................................................ 202 Gambar 4.53 Rancangan Input Retur Pembelian Detail ................................................. 202 Gambar 4.54 Rancangan Input Reparasi......................................................................... 203 Gambar 4.55 Rancangan Input Reparasi Detail.............................................................. 203 Gambar 4.56 Rancangan Output Perkiraan Biaya .......................................................... 203 Gambar 4.57 Rancangan Output Tanda Terima ............................................................. 204 Gambar 4.58 Rancangan Output Perintah Kerja............................................................. 204 Gambar 4.59 Rancangan Output Retur Pembelian ......................................................... 204 Gambar 4.60 Rancangan Output Pembelian ................................................................... 205 Gambar 4.61 Rancangan Output Reparasi ...................................................................... 205 xvii

Gambar 4.62 Rancangan Output Kwitansi...................................................................... 205 Gambar 4.63 Rancangan Laporan Karyawan ................................................................. 206 Gambar 4.64 Rancangan Laporan Mobil ........................................................................ 206 Gambar 4.65 Rancangan Laporan Supplier .................................................................... 206 Gambar 4.66 Rancangan Laporan Pelanggan ................................................................. 207 Gambar 4.67 Rancangan Laporan Bahan Baku .............................................................. 207 Gambar 4.68 Rancangan Laporan Tanda Terima ........................................................... 207 Gambar 4.69 Rancangan Laporan Perintah Kerja........................................................... 208 Gambar 4.70 Rancangan Laporan Pembelian................................................................. 208 Gambar 4.71 Rancangan Laporan Pembayaran Pembelian ............................................ 208 Gambar 4.72 Rancangan Laporan Reparasi.................................................................... 209 Gambar 4.73 Rancangan Laporan Pembayaran Reparasi ............................................... 209 Gambar 4.74 Rancangan Laporan Pekerjaan .................................................................. 209 Gambar 4.75 Menu Login ............................................................................................... 212 Gambar 4.76 Menu Splash.............................................................................................. 213 Gambar 4.77 Menu Utama.............................................................................................. 213 Gambar 4.78 Menu Ganti Password ............................................................................... 214 Gambar 4.79 Menu atur Login........................................................................................ 214 Gambar 4.80 Menu Pencarian User Name...................................................................... 215 Gambar 4.81 Master Karyawan ...................................................................................... 215 Gambar 4.82 Menu Pencarian Karyawan ....................................................................... 216 Gambar 4.83 Menu Telpon Karyawan............................................................................ 216 Gambar 4.84 Master Mobil ............................................................................................. 217 Gambar 4.85 Menu Data Pelanggan ............................................................................... 218 xviii

Gambar 4.86 Master Jasa ............................................................................................... 218 Gambar 4.87 Menu Pencarian Jasa ................................................................................. 219 Gambar 4.88 Master Listrik ............................................................................................ 219 Gambar 4.89 Menu Pencarian Listrik ............................................................................. 220 Gambar 4.90 Menu Transaksi Perkiraan Biaya .............................................................. 221 Gambar 4.91 Menu Pencarian Perkiraan Biaya .............................................................. 221 Gambar 4.92 Menu Perkiraan Biaya Detail .................................................................... 222 Gambar 4.93 Menu Pencarian Perkiraan Biaya Detail ................................................... 222 Gambar 4.94 Menu Tanda Terima .................................................................................. 223 Gambar 4.95 Menu Cetak Kartu STTK .......................................................................... 224 Gambar 4.96 Kartu STTK............................................................................................... 224 Gambar 4.97 Menu Laporan Mobil ................................................................................ 225 Gambar 4.98 Menu Cetak Laporan Mobil ...................................................................... 225 Gambar 4.99 Menu Set Latar Belakang.......................................................................... 226 Gambar 4.100 Pie Chart Kuesioner Pertanyaan 1........................................................... 226 Gambar 4.101 Pie Chart Kuesioner Pertanyaan 2........................................................... 227 Gambar 4.102 Pie Chart Kuesioner Pertanyaan 3........................................................... 227 Gambar 4.103 Pie Chart Kuesioner Pertanyaan 4........................................................... 227 Gambar 4.104 Pie Chart Kuesioner Pertanyaan 5........................................................... 228 Gambar 4.105 Pie Chart Kuesioner Pertanyaan 6........................................................... 228

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